Hypertension is the most common medical problem in pregnancy, in about 2 to 3 % of pregnancies. It is classified into 4 types, transient or gestational hypertension is one of them. It is important for pregnant women to consult specialists and get their hypertension under control.  The 4 types of hypertension are –

• Chronic hypertension
• Pre eclampsia- eclampsia
• Pre eclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension
• Gestational hypertension

Gestational Hypertension:  

If we talk about gestational hypertension alone, it is the mildest type of disease. It develops after 20 weeks of gestation when the patient has increased BP for the first time during pregnancy. The diagnosis includes-

• Increased BP more than or equal to 140/90 mm Hg
• Previously normal BP
• No protein in urine
• No other features of pre eclampsia

It is a retrospective diagnosis when with increased BP, the patient does not develop any other feature and BP returns to normal by 12 weeks post partum. This usually does not need any treatment but careful observation is necessary as one third of the patients develop symptoms of pre eclampsia, which is very serious.

What to do if you are detected with Gestational Hypertension:

• All laboratory tests are done, careful watch is kept on the mother and baby. You may have to visit the doctor more frequently so that any progression is noticed.
• Later in life risk of chronic hypertension is there hence you should go for regular health check up to detect any rise in BP.
• Lifestyle measures should be followed in form of healthy diet, regular exercise, weight control, healthy BMI. Salt, sugar and fats should be in moderation.
• Moreover if you have regular visits with your doctor and follow all advice there is reduced risk of complications.